How Hard Is It to Build a Deck?
By Dave KileWith my experience in the decking industry, I get asked this question a lot. Many homeowners are looking for ways to improve their outdoor living space and add value to their homes. And since DIY projects have become increasingly popular, it’s only natural to wonder if you have what it takes to build your deck.
In short, building a new deck can be challenging, especially for those with limited construction experience. While it’s achievable for a dedicated DIYer, it requires careful planning, the right tools, and a solid understanding of construction basics. However, the satisfaction of building your own deck can be immense!
In this post, we’ll explore the ins and outs of deck building, from the essential tools and materials to the permits and regulations you’ll need to consider. By the end, I predict you’ll understand what’s involved in building a deck and whether it’s a project you’re up for tackling yourself.
Is it Hard to Build a Deck?
So, just how hard is it to build a deck? A deck project is not rocket science but is not as simple as assembling furniture. A successful deck requires a good understanding of:
- Layout and Design: Accurately measuring and marking the deck area is crucial for a square and level structure.
- Foundation: Setting posts and ensuring they’re plumb and secure is essential for stability.
- Framing: Constructing the frame with joists and beams requires precise cuts and proper fastening techniques.
- Decking Installation: Laying deck boards seems straightforward, but ensuring proper spacing and a clean finish takes practice.
Skill Level
While you don’t need to be a master carpenter, I’m certainly not either, and basic carpentry skills are a must. You’ll need to know how to:
- Read a tape measure accurately
- Use a circular saw and miter saw safely and effectively
- Understand basic framing principles
Challenges
The most challenging aspect of DIY deck building is often the structural elements. Ensuring the deck is properly supported, level, and safe requires knowledge of building codes and sound construction practices. Mistakes in these areas can lead to an unstable and potentially dangerous deck.
I highly recommend that everyone who plans to build their own deck becomes very familiar with their local building codes.
Essential Tools
You’ll need a variety of tools to build a deck. The essential ones include:
- Miter saw
- Circular saw
- Power drill and impact driver
- Level
- Tape measure
This is not a complete list, but it will address most of your construction needs.
DIY or Hire a Pro?
Deciding whether to build your own deck or hire a pro is a personal choice with several factors to consider. I’ll take you through the pros and cons of each.
DIY Pros:
- Cost Savings: Doing it yourself can significantly reduce labor costs, making the project more affordable.
- Personal Satisfaction: There’s a sense of accomplishment that comes with building something with your own two hands.
DIY Cons:
- Time Commitment: Building a deck takes time, especially for someone with limited experience, and may take up your evenings or weekends.
- Technical Challenges: Ensuring the structural integrity of the deck can be complex, requiring knowledge of building codes and proper techniques.
- Tool Investment: You may need to purchase or rent specialized tools from your local home improvement store, which can add to the overall cost.
- Extra Hands: You won’t be able to build the deck on your own. You’ll need help to lift and hold items that can be heavy and large. Finding people who are capable, willing, and available could be difficult.
Hire a Pro Pros:
- Expertise: Professional deck builders have the experience and knowledge to handle all aspects of the project efficiently and correctly.
- Efficiency: A professional crew can complete the project much faster than a DIYer.
- Peace of Mind: Knowing the deck is built to code and structurally sound provides peace of mind and safety.
- Warranty: Should anything go wrong later, a professional builder should return to fix it according to any warranties or guarantees of service.
Hire a Pro Cons:
- Higher Cost: Labor costs can be significant, making the project more expensive overall.
- Less Control: You’ll have less control over the design and construction process when you hire someone else.
- Loss of Bragging Rights: You won’t be able to take credit for the beautiful handiwork!
Ultimately, the decision of whether to DIY or hire a pro comes down to your:
- Budget
- Time Availability
- Skill Level
- Risk Tolerance
I say, that if you’re short on time, unsure about the technical aspects, or want the assurance of a professionally built deck, hiring a contractor is the way to go. However, if you’re confident in your skills and have the time to commit, DIY can be a rewarding experience. Let’s go step-by-step to look a little more closely.
How to Build a Deck
Building a deck involves several key stages, each with its own set of challenges. Understanding these stages can help you determine if you’re up for the task.
Imagining the Finished Project
- Budget: I believe all homeowners need to start with the budget in mind. This will drive all of the subsequent decisions regarding materials, size, and design.
- Materials: There is no shortage of decking options today from pressure-treated wood to Trex® composite boards to composite options that look like wood. When choosing your materials, consider the aesthetic of your home, your local climate, and if you want a maintenance-free option or something that will require regular upkeep.
- Deck Design: Think about how you intend to use the deck. Will you need an area for cooking and eating food, for entertaining, or both? Is one level enough space, or does your deck need multiple tiers? Are you considering a free-standing deck or an elevated deck? The more complex the design, the harder it may be to handle as DIYers.
- Start Date: If taking on this project yourself, do some research and determine a realistic timeline. Knowing that can help you pick the best time in your schedule and the best time of the year to build a deck.
Preparing the Site
- Clearing the area: This involves removing any obstacles like plants, rocks, or existing structures. If you need to remove any large trees, I suggest you hire a professional. Remember, when the project is complete, regardless of who does it, you’ll need to address the landscaping around the deck.
- Marking the Layout: Accurately measuring and marking the deck’s perimeter and the location of support posts is crucial for a level and structurally sound deck. I believe most homeowners find that easy access to their indoor kitchen is the best spot for their deck.
Building the Foundation
- Installing Footings: Footings are concrete pads that support the deck’s weight. They need to be dug below the frost line to prevent shifting.
- Setting the Posts: Posts are anchored to the footings and provide vertical support for the deck frame. They must be plumb (or vertical) and securely attached to ensure stability.
Constructing the Frame
- Attaching the Ledger Board: The ledger board is attached to the house and provides a solid connection point for the deck frame.
- Installing the Joists: Joists are horizontal framing members that support the decking. They need to be spaced evenly and securely attached to the ledger board and beams.
- Waterproofing: As you go along in the project, ensuring you are waterproofing your deck will be a key ingredient in maintaining its integrity and your enjoyment of it.
Installing Decking Boards
- Laying the Boards: Deck boards are attached to the joists, creating the walking surface of the deck. Composite decking provides a durable and reliable option that is maintenance-free and resistant to scratching, warping, and splintering – perfect for pets and bare feet!
- Spacing and Finishing: Proper spacing between boards allows for drainage and expansion and contraction of the wood.
- Setting up the Underdeck: For elevated decks in particular, it’s important to think about what your underdeck will look like and setting up your own under-deck ceiling.
Adding Railings and Stairs
- Railings: Railings and handrails provide safety and are typically required by code for decks over a certain height. When choosing railings and handrails, you’ll want to ensure the design goes with your overall decking material.
- Stairs: Stairs provide access to the deck from the ground and should be built to code for safety and stability.
Permits and Regulations
Before you even pick up a hammer, it’s essential to understand the permits and regulations in your area.
Permit Requirements:
Most municipalities have building departments that require permits for deck construction, especially for elevated decks. Building without a permit can lead to fines and even forced demolition. You should also check on any regulations if you live in a neighborhood with a Homeowners Association. Often, there are policies about colors and styles of decks.
Obtaining a Permit:
Obtaining a permit usually involves submitting detailed plans that include:
- Foundation details
- Framing plans
- Materials used
- Railing specifications
- Stair design
Inspections:
Throughout the building process, you’ll need inspections to ensure your deck meets local codes and safety standards.
I believe that building a deck can be a challenging but ultimately rewarding project. By carefully considering your options, planning thoroughly, and following the proper steps, you can create an outdoor space that you and your family can enjoy for years to come. And remember, if you’re ever unsure about how to handle building a deck, consulting with a professional is always a good idea.